What method is used for grounding electric systems?

Grounding electric systems is primarily achieved by providing a low-resistance path for excess current to safely return to the ground. This method is crucial for preventing electric shock, protecting equipment, and ensuring safety during electrical faults. When excess current flows through the grounding system, it is directed away from sensitive components and personnel, thereby minimizing the risk of damage or injury.

The practice of grounding involves utilizing conductive materials that can effectively carry this excess current away from the electrical system and into the earth. This solid grounding system helps to stabilize voltage levels within the electrical system and reduces the likelihood of electrical fires and equipment failure.

Other methods mentioned, such as using transformers, inserting fuses, or establishing short circuits, do not serve the primary purpose of grounding. Transformers are used mainly for voltage conversion and do not provide a direct path for fault currents to ground. Fuses protect circuits by breaking the connection when current exceeds a certain threshold, but they do not directly ground the system. Establishing short circuits intentionally is dangerous and counterproductive, as it can lead to uncontrolled current flow and pose serious safety hazards. Thus, the focus on providing a path for excess current is why this method is fundamental to grounding electric systems.